Ventral Attention Network (VAN)

Ventral attention network (VAN), also called the visuospatial attention network, one of several highly interconnected brain networks, is responsible for shifting and redirecting our focus between tasks and responding to unexpected or salient stimuli. In contrast to the dorsal attention network/DAN (responsible for deliberate, top-down, goal-directed attention), VAN handles involuntary, bottom-up attention. A sudden loud noise activates VAN (acting like radar), pivoting our attention to shift towards the sound source. (In contrast, scanning the room to find the source of the sound involves DAN, acting like a lens.) Our brain receives constant sensory input, so it’s VAN’s job to ensure we don’t neglect responding to vital spatial, sensory, or cognitive information. The inability to facilitate these attention shifts is called spatial neglect.