Somatic Efferent or Motor Neurons

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Somatic efferents (or motor neurons), part of the somatic nervous system controlling voluntary movement, sends signals from the spinal cord to muscles so we can grasp objects or stand up. The motor cortex sends action potentials via the brainstem to activate motor neurons in the spinal cord or cranial nerves. Neurons then send neurotransmitters across synapses with muscle fibers so they can contract. One somatic efferent pathway:

  • General somatic efferent (GSE): Motor nerve fibers carry motor signals to skeletal muscles (limbs and trunk). GSE neurons are widespread through the body and not specialized. [Special somatic efferent (SSE): SSE isn’t common term since there are no “special” skeletal muscles. Skeletal muscles are supplied with nerves under category of general somatic efferent.] 

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