Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)

Social cognitive theory (SCT), developed by Albert Bandura (1925-2021), Canadian-American psychologist/professor emeritus, Stanford University, is a study of the dynamic interaction between personal factors (cognition, beliefs, emotions), behavior, and environmental factors. SCT suggests we learn through observation and modeling, more than through direct experience, and our cognitions and behaviors are mutually influential (reciprocal determinism). It also suggests we’re active agents in our own development. Social cognition starts in infancy. Children and teens become increasingly adept at understanding other people’s emotions and mental states, which leads to a belief in their own ability to succeed (self-efficacy).