Pathological Narcissism:

Pathological narcissism (also see maladaptive narcissism), related to but distinct from narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), is a deep-seated, widespread pattern of maladaptive thought, feeling, and behavior that constitutes a personality pathology. It’s defined as comprising both of narcissism’s grandiose and vulnerable “self-states” — pervasive patterns of self-importance, excessive need for admiration, lack of empathy, and interpersonal dysfunction. While seemingly opposing tendencies, grandiose and vulnerable self-states can fluctuate or co-occur in highly narcissistic individuals. The current standard measure, the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI), shows facets related to both forms — though more weighted to grandiosity. Pathological narcissism encompasses many maladaptive traits but is a broader, more severe, and deeply ingrained condition that leads to significant personal and interpersonal impairment, as follows:

• Interpersonal difficulties, conflict, strained relationships, difficulty maintaining friendships
• Work problems, performance issues, conflicts with colleagues, job loss
• Legal issues, arising from aggressive or manipulative behavior
• Emotional distress from feelings of emptiness, shame, and guilt