Incentive Motivation:

Incentive motivation is the use and misuse of rewards and punishments to modify behavior. Incentive motivation theory suggests we’re socially motivated by external rewards (positive incentives) and discouraged by punishments (negative incentives)—and not by internal factors, like needs or drives (drive-reduction theory). The theory has roots in classical and operant (Pavlovian) conditioning, which focus on how learning occurs through external stimuli and consequences:

• Positive incentives are rewards or desirable outcomes motivating individuals to perform certain actions. Rewards can include praise, good grades, bonuses, promotions. 
• Negative incentives are punishments or undesirable outcomes motivating individuals to avoid certain actions. Punishments include fear of danger, fines, criticism, negative consequences.